The Difference Between 'Seeing' and 'Being Seen': On Kim Hyung-joo's Work
By Park Jun-heon (Art Theory)
"When self-consciousness recedes, the world reveals itself, and what is revealed is not new things never seen before, but the newness of things always seen.It is clear because it is too late. This is not the world of 'seeing' but the world of 'being seen'."— From Kim Hoon's Writing with a Pencil
For artists dealing with visual arts, "seeing" can be another name for the beginning or origin of a work. Therefore, the importance of seeing and the countless discussions surrounding it are inevitably eternal topics in art. Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908-2004), often called a master of 20th-century photography, famously said, "I observe, observe, and observe. I understand through my eyes." For this artist, who had to propagate his artistic meaning using a mechanical device like a camera, "seeing" must have had the same meaning as "understanding," and he presented how important a criterion it was for grounding his art. Whether through his own eyes or the camera's viewfinder.
Reality is the world of the eye. To package this, we might call it the age of images, the age of vision. Because only what is seen is validated, only what is seen can be consumed, and by seeing, one can possess. In such an era, for artists, seeing or being seen is, to exaggerate, both the beginning and the end of a work. Ultimately, artists dealing with visual art are compelled to have their works seen, seen better, and seen differently from other artists or works. And in this situation, the tendency to perceive differentiation—the need to appear different—as the core of a work might, in some ways, be a natural progression.
Observation and understanding are like the skin and the bones beneath it. We call them hands, feet, waist, and body. We observe and simultaneously understand objects in this way, and it is possible because the front and back, surface and inverse, exterior and interior are all one.
When I first saw artist Kim Hyung-joo's work, I thought about the difference and meaning of "seeing" versus "being seen." Perhaps this was because the main subject of her work is always familiar landscapes, and she uses the traditional method of painting. Also, it might be because, while pursuing this activity in a narrow and steep manner, I felt her intense deliberation on a form that could possess distinctiveness. As one method of differentiation from contemporary works depicting mountains and natural landscapes, she composed her canvases with various perspectives—different angles of the mountains we encounter—and cultivated the canvas with a tenacity that no one else could imitate. The canvas is as solid as the artist's sincerity and effort.
What did she see through the mountains? And why does such tenacity arise in her to tell us what through it? The overlapping ridges and mountain ranges, and her tightly connected, maze-like canvases with almost no empty space, resemble our lives, where no exit is visible, no answer apparent. Yet, like our individual lives that accept each day, acknowledge reality, and neither pity nor adorn themselves, her works stand there, unchanged.
The subject of "seeing" is myself. The subject of "being seen" would also be myself. But what is the difference between these two words? If "seeing" is a subjective and arbitrary interpretation where emotion is imbued into facts, then "being seen" is an interpretation that accepts facts solely as facts, looking at them thoroughly objectively without imbuing emotion. To "be seen" by an object would only be possible through respect for its factuality.
If one recognizes artist Kim Hyung-joo's work as a new form and version of contemporary traditional painting, condensing our beautiful mountains and rivers into a single canvas, then it is clearly "seen." However, if one listens to the facts accepted and affirmed through the artist's observation, devoid of emotion, and the voice resonating from beneath the surface, then it is "being seen." And thus, her work is completed. Again, I recall novelist Kim Hoon's voice: "not new things never seen before, but the newness of things always seen."